In fact, you needn’t enclose the entire filename in (single or double) quotes; as long as the “special” characters are within the quotes, you will be fine, e.g., all of the following will also work:

sample_file'('data')'.txt
sample_file"("data")".txt
sample_file'('data")".txt
sampl'e_file('d'ata)'.txt
sample_"file(data)".txt

and so on, and so on, …

Far for me to argue that they are all easily readable, but they do work.

You could, in this way, even address a filename (or, for that matter, any arbitrary string) that has both single and double quotes in it; just enclose the single quotes in double quotes and vice versa, and you will be fine.