20 Linux YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) Commands for Package Management

In this article, we will learn how to install, update, remove, find packages, manage packages and repositories on Linux systems using YUM (Yellowdog Updater Modified) tool developed by RedHat.

The example commands shown in this article are practically tested on our RHEL 8 server, you can use these materials for study purposes, RHEL certifications, or just to explore ways to install new packages and keep your system up-to-date.

The basic requirement of this article is, you must have a basic understanding of commands and a working Linux operating system, where you can explore and practice all the commands listed below.

What is YUM?

YUM (Yellowdog Updater Modified) is an open-source command-line as well as graphical-based package management tool for RPM (RedHat Package Manager) based Linux systems.

It allows users and system administrators to easily install, update, remove or search software packages on a system. It was developed and released by Seth Vidal under GPL (General Public License) as an open-source, which means anyone can be allowed to download and access the code to fix bugs and develop customized packages.

YUM uses numerous third-party repositories to install packages automatically by resolving their dependencies issues.

Update: The yum command is replaced by the dnf command, which is a next-generation version of yum and considered to be the replacement for YUM in most newer RPM-based distributions.

1. Install a Package with YUM

To install a package called Firefox, just run the below command it will automatically find and install all required dependencies for Firefox.

# yum install firefox
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================================
 Package                    Arch        Version                    Repository            Size        
================================================================================================
Updating:
firefox                        i686        10.0.6-1.el6.centos     updates             20 M
Updating for dependencies:
 xulrunner                     i686        10.0.6-1.el6.centos     updates             12 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================
Install       0 Package(s)
Upgrade       2 Package(s)

Total download size: 32 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): firefox-10.0.6-1.el6.centos.i686.rpm                                |  20 MB   01:10
(2/2): xulrunner-10.0.6-1.el6.centos.i686.rpm                              |  12 MB   00:52
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                           63 kB/s |  32 MB   02:04

Updated:
  firefox.i686 0:10.0.6-1.el6.centos

Dependency Updated:
  xulrunner.i686 0:10.0.6-1.el6.centos

Complete!

The above command will ask for confirmation before installing any package on your system. If you want to install packages automatically without asking for any confirmation, use the option -y as shown below example.

# yum -y install firefox

2. Removing a Package with YUM

To remove a package completely with all the dependencies, just run the following command as shown below.

# yum remove firefox
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package firefox.i686 0:10.0.6-1.el6.centos set to be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================================
 Package                    Arch        Version                        Repository            Size        
====================================================================================================
Removing:
 firefox                    i686        10.0.6-1.el6.centos            @updates              23 M

Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================
Remove        1 Package(s)
Reinstall     0 Package(s)
Downgrade     0 Package(s)

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Erasing        : firefox-10.0.6-1.el6.centos.i686                                                                                                                          1/1

Removed:
  firefox.i686 0:10.0.6-1.el6.centos

Complete!

In the same way, the above command will ask for confirmation before removing a package. To disable the confirmation prompt just add option -y as shown below.

# yum -y remove firefox

3. Updating a Package using YUM

Let’s say you have an outdated version of the MySQL package and you want to update it to the latest stable version. Just run the following command it will automatically resolve all dependencies issues and install them.

# yum update mysql
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================================
 Package            Arch                Version                    Repository                    Size
============================================================================================================
Updating:
 vsftpd             i386                2.0.5-24.el5_8.1           updates                       144 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================
Install       0 Package(s)
Upgrade       1 Package(s)

Total size: 144 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Updating       : vsftpd                                                                     1/2
  Cleanup        : vsftpd                                                                     2/2

Updated:
  vsftpd.i386 0:2.0.5-24.el5_8.1

Complete!

4. List a Package using YUM

Use the list function to search for the specific package with a name. For example to search for a package called OpenSSH, use the command.

# yum list openssh
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * epel: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * rpmforge: mirror.nl.leaseweb.net
 * updates: mirror.nus.edu.sg
Installed Packages
openssh.i386                                       4.3p2-72.el5_6.3                                                                      installed
Available Packages                                 4.3p2-82.el5                                                                          base

To make your search more accurate, define package names with their version, in case you know. For example to search for a specific version OpenSSH-4.3p2 of the package, use the command.

# yum list openssh-4.3p2

[ You might also like: How to Secure and Harden OpenSSH Server ]

5. Search for a Package using YUM

If you don’t remember the exact name of the package, then use the search function to search all the available packages to match the name of the package you specified. For example, to search all the packages that match the word.

# yum search vsftpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * epel: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * rpmforge: mirror.nl.leaseweb.net
 * updates: ftp.iitm.ac.in
============================== Matched: vsftpd ========================
ccze.i386 : A robust log colorizer
pure-ftpd-selinux.i386 : SELinux support for Pure-FTPD
vsftpd.i386 : vsftpd - Very Secure Ftp Daemon

6. Get Information about a Package using YUM

Say you would like to know the information about a package before installing it. To get information on a package just issue the below command.

# yum info firefox
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * epel: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * rpmforge: mirror.nl.leaseweb.net
 * updates: ftp.iitm.ac.in
Available Packages
Name       : firefox
Arch       : i386
Version    : 10.0.6
Release    : 1.el5.centos
Size       : 20 M
Repo       : updates
Summary    : Mozilla Firefox Web browser
URL        : http://www.mozilla.org/projects/firefox/
License    : MPLv1.1 or GPLv2+ or LGPLv2+
Description: Mozilla Firefox is an open-source web browser, designed for standards
           : compliance, performance and portability.

7. List all Available Packages using YUM

To list all the available packages in the Yum database, use the below command.

# yum list | less

8. List all Installed Packages using YUM

To list all the installed packages on a system, just issue the below command, it will display all the installed packages.

# yum list installed | less

9. Yum Provides Function

Yum provides function is used to find which package a specific file belongs to. For example, if you would like to know the name of the package that has the /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.

# yum provides /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
httpd-2.2.3-63.el5.centos.i386 : Apache HTTP Server
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

httpd-2.2.3-63.el5.centos.1.i386 : Apache HTTP Server
Repo        : updates
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

httpd-2.2.3-65.el5.centos.i386 : Apache HTTP Server
Repo        : updates
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

httpd-2.2.3-53.el5.centos.1.i386 : Apache HTTP Server
Repo        : installed
Matched from:
Other       : Provides-match: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

10. Check for Available Updates using Yum

To find how many installed packages on your system have updates available, check to use the following command.

# yum check-update

11. Update System using Yum

To keep your system up-to-date with all security and binary package updates, run the following command. It will install all the latest patches and security updates to your system.

# yum update

12. List all available Group Packages

In Linux, a number of packages are bundled into a particular group. Instead of installing individual packages with yum, you can install a particular group that will install all the related packages that belong to the group. For example to list all the available groups, just issue the following command.

# yum grouplist
Installed Groups:
   Administration Tools
   DNS Name Server
   Dialup Networking Support
   Editors
   Engineering and Scientific
   FTP Server
   Graphics
   Java Development
   Legacy Network Server
Available Groups:
   Authoring and Publishing
   Base
   Beagle
   Cluster Storage
   Clustering
   Development Libraries
   Development Tools
   Eclipse
   Educational Software
   KDE (K Desktop Environment)
   KDE Software Development

13. Install Group Packages

To install a particular package group, we use the option as groupinstall. For example, to install “MySQL Database“, just execute the below command.

# yum groupinstall 'MySQL Database'
Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================
Package								Arch      Version			 Repository        Size
=================================================================================================
Updating:
 unixODBC                           i386      2.2.11-10.el5      base              290 k
Installing for dependencies:
 unixODBC-libs                      i386      2.2.11-10.el5      base              551 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)
Upgrade       1 Package(s)

Total size: 841 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing     : unixODBC-libs	1/3
  Updating       : unixODBC         2/3
  Cleanup        : unixODBC         3/3

Dependency Installed:
  unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5

Updated:
  unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5

Complete!

14. Update a Group Packages

To update any existing installed group packages, just run the following command as shown below.

# yum groupupdate 'DNS Name Server'

Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================================================
 Package			Arch	        Version				Repository           Size
================================================================================================================
Updating:
 bind                           i386            30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2          updates              981 k
 bind-chroot                    i386            30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2          updates              47 k
Updating for dependencies:
 bind-libs                      i386            30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2          updates              864 k
 bind-utils                     i386            30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2          updates              174 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================
Install       0 Package(s)
Upgrade       4 Package(s)

Total size: 2.0 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Updating       : bind-libs            1/8
  Updating       : bind                 2/8
  Updating       : bind-chroot          3/8
  Updating       : bind-utils           4/8
  Cleanup        : bind                 5/8
  Cleanup        : bind-chroot          6/8
  Cleanup        : bind-utils           7/8
  Cleanup        : bind-libs            8/8

Updated:
  bind.i386 30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2                  bind-chroot.i386 30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2

Dependency Updated:
  bind-libs.i386 30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2             bind-utils.i386 30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2

Complete!

15. Remove Group Packages

To delete or remove any existing installed group from the system, just use the below command.

# yum groupremove 'DNS Name Server'

Dependencies Resolved

===========================================================================================================
 Package                Arch              Version                         Repository          Size
===========================================================================================================
Removing:
 bind                   i386              30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2          installed           2.1 M
 bind-chroot            i386              30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2          installed           0.0

Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================================
Remove        2 Package(s)
Reinstall     0 Package(s)
Downgrade     0 Package(s)

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Erasing        : bind                                                   1/2
warning: /etc/sysconfig/named saved as /etc/sysconfig/named.rpmsave
  Erasing        : bind-chroot                                            2/2

Removed:
  bind.i386 30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2                                        bind-chroot.i386 30:9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.2

Complete!

16. List Enabled Yum Repositories

To list all enabled Yum repositories in your system, use the following option.

# yum repolist

repo id                     repo name                                            status
base                        CentOS-5 - Base                                      enabled:  2,725
epel                        Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - i386         enabled:  5,783
extras                      CentOS-5 - Extras                                    enabled:    282
mod-pagespeed               mod-pagespeed                                        enabled:      1
rpmforge                    RHEL 5 - RPMforge.net - dag                          enabled: 11,290
updates                     CentOS-5 - Updates                                   enabled:    743
repolist: 20,824

16. List all Enabled and Disabled Yum Repositories

The following command will display all enabled and disabled yum repositories on the system.

# yum repolist all

repo id                     repo name                                            status
C5.0-base                   CentOS-5.0 - Base                                    disabled
C5.0-centosplus             CentOS-5.0 - Plus                                    disabled
C5.0-extras                 CentOS-5.0 - Extras                                  disabled
base                        CentOS-5 - Base                                      enabled:  2,725
epel                        Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - i386         enabled:  5,783
extras                      CentOS-5 - Extras                                    enabled:    282
repolist: 20,824

17. Install a Package from a Specific Repository

To install a particular package from a specific enabled or disabled repository, you must use --enablerepo an option in your yum command. For example to Install the PhpMyAdmin package, just execute the command.

# yum --enablerepo=epel install phpmyadmin

Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================
 Package                Arch           Version            Repository           Size
=============================================================================================
Installing:
 phpMyAdmin             noarch         3.5.1-1.el6        epel                 4.2 M

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 4.2 M
Installed size: 17 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
phpMyAdmin-3.5.1-1.el6.noarch.rpm                       | 4.2 MB     00:25
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : phpMyAdmin-3.5.1-1.el6.noarch             1/1
  Verifying  : phpMyAdmin-3.5.1-1.el6.noarch             1/1

Installed:
  phpMyAdmin.noarch 0:3.5.1-1.el6

Complete!

18. Interactive Yum Shell

Yum utility provides a custom shell where you can execute multiple commands.

# yum shell
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Yum Shell
> update httpd
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.sin3.sg.voxel.net
 * epel: ftp.riken.jp
 * extras: mirrors.sin3.sg.voxel.net
 * updates: mirrors.sin3.sg.voxel.net
Setting up Update Process
>

19. Clean Yum Cache

By default yum keeps all the repository enabled package data in /var/cache/yum/ with each sub-directory, to clean all cached files from the enabled repository, you need to run the following command regularly to clean up all the cache and make sure that there is nothing unnecessary space is using. We don’t want to give the output of the below command, because we like to keep cached data as it is.

# yum clean all

20. View History of Yum

To view all the past transactions of the yum command, just use the following command.

# yum history

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
ID     | Login user               | Date and time    | Action(s)      | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    10 | root               | 2012-08-11 15:19 | Install        |    3
     9 | root               | 2012-08-11 15:11 | Install        |    1
     8 | root               | 2012-08-11 15:10 | Erase          |    1 EE
     7 | root               | 2012-08-10 17:44 | Install        |    1
     6 | root               | 2012-08-10 12:19 | Install        |    2
     5 | root               | 2012-08-10 12:14 | Install        |    3
     4 | root               | 2012-08-10 12:12 | I, U           |   13 E<
     3 | root               | 2012-08-09 13:01 | Install        |    1 >
     2 | root               | 2012-08-08 20:13 | I, U           |  292 EE
     1 | System            | 2012-08-08 17:15 | Install        |  560
history list

We have tried to cover all the basic to advance yum commands with their examples. If anything related to yum commands may have missed out. Please update us through our comment box. So, we keep updating the same based on feedback received.

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Ravi Saive
I am an experienced GNU/Linux expert and a full-stack software developer with over a decade in the field of Linux and Open Source technologies

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72 Comments

Leave a Reply
  1. I tried to find the ‘yum‘ substitute for ‘apt-key add‘ but wasn’t able to do it. Does it exist?

    Reply
    • @Jrct7,

      The command is wrong, it should be “yum upgrade” or you can also use “yum update” – both will update your system to latest release version.

      Reply
    • @Sathish,

      To downgrade the redhat-release package from the current release to previous minor release, use the following command.

      # yum downgrade redhat-release
      
      Reply
  2. Its is really a wonderful article for users who are new and start learning Linux. Dear friend please keep writing for the community.Thank you

    Reply
  3. Appreciate for making such a wonderful article !! It is helpful for beginners who wish to be familiar with “YUM” commands.

    Thanks a lot.

    Reply
  4. That was really helpful. I’ve been trying to install Vuze for ages on Fedora25, which in my opinion is the best and used the yum install vuze. Works like a dream. Thanks

    Reply
  5. Hi Ravi,

    I have one yum repository, and now i have downloaded 2 software from internet and same has been kept under repodata (where all rpm kept).
    now how yum will update this 2 rpm in repodata.
    is require to run createrpo command again??

    Reply
  6. I have newly install CentOS 7 on my pc and it has wifi adapter but centos is not showing wifi connection only it showing wire connection. so tell procedure to enable wifi and all tell which packages and setting i have to do with os. So that it should work properly because i am going to used this for software development please give reply fast.

    Reply
  7. Hello Ravi,

    How to know that what repository in particular repo if there are multiple repos are configured on server with different linux release?

    Appreciate your reply

    Reply
    • @Yogesh,

      While installing packages with Yum, you will see the repository section from which the packages are downlaoding and installing, or you can check all the repositories under /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory.

      Reply
  8. Hi Ravi,

    I have 2 questions mentioning below:

    1)
    If possible can i get any documentation / steps for how to create online yum repository in RedHat ?
    Just like we have in Centos.

    2)
    I have one below web link as repository for one monitoring tool (Zabbix) installation in Linux(RHEL 6).
    http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/2.2/rhel/6/x86_64/
    my question is how can i add/use this online zabbix repository in my yum repository?

    Thanks in advance.

    -Jonus Joseph

    Reply
  9. Hi Ravi,

    If i have an existing repo which is having 3000 packages and leter i manually downloaded approx 200 packages and now how i can make my new packages part of that existing repo.

    Reply
  10. Hi All
    I am a beginner in Linux. I need some clarification on Yum command.
    Recently i installed some update on my system . because of that i am facing some issue . So i wants to roll back those updates i made(14 July 2014).

    ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
    ——————————————————————————-
    70 | System | 2014-07-14 17:31 | I, U | 11 P<

    Is there any command to lists and erase the updates i made on 14th July ?

    I really need your help here . Waiting for your reply.
    Thanks in Advance !

    Reply
    • Unfortunately, there is no such option to roll back to previous version, if you’ve installed packages using yum. The only option is erase and compile from source.

      Reply
  11. I use yum with the option –downloadonly

    Example : yum update –downloadonly -y

    This provides me a way to download the latest packages that need to be updated in my Linux system. The packages goes in a folder /var/cache/yum/rhel-x86_64-server/packages.

    After that I do a : yum localupdate

    Some of these packages get updated and some will get Installed.

    I want to get yum command which lists the packages which will be updated
    and those which will get installed ( to be used with yum localinstall )

    Reply
    • I have done yum install ? by mistake and multiple files got downloaded, I did a (d)downloadonly but would like to delete all of these files (downloaded only)
      How can I do that?

      Reply
      • @JT,
        Use ‘yum history list’ command to find out recently installed packages..and remove them one by one…according to their time of installation.

        Reply
  12. So on Centos 6.5, I can type “yum install java7” and the JRE 7 runtime gets installed, but I don’t quite understand from your post how this is happening. If I search or list or grouplist for “java7” there are no hits. If I do a “yum provides Java7” then I see “Java7” under “Other:”. Is that where the install is being picked up from? Is so, how can I see what “Other:” (aliases?) exist for packages?

    Reply
  13. Hi Ravi,
    Yum appears unable to report any information on manually compiled packages. It is not even able to see the PHP installed on a server I inherited from the person who compiled it. Instead, it reports the version that was present prior to that manual compiled update.

    I am hoping to be able to update php soon, but I’m unsure how to proceed in this situation, not knowing what or how it may be binded to other packages.

    Any suggestions or pointers?

    Reply
    • Yes, you right yum unable to notify about information or packages compiled from the source. To update PHP to latest version, you’ve have to manually remove compiled PHP files and binaries from the system. And then you can update php using yum command.

      Reply
      • Thank you, sir.
        I am new to the task of removing such a compiled package (my first server admin post, with very little linux/unix experience behind me). Any advice on how I should proceed with such an operation?

        Reply
  14. By default yum installs only from the enabled repositories.
    we can use
    yum –enablerepo=reponame install packagename
    if we want to install a package from a disabled repository.
    But my question is that what if i want to install package(s) from a particular repository out of 10 enabled repositories.

    Reply
  15. I am trying to install from a particular repository
    but

    yum –enablerepo=reponame install packagename

    this command is not working.
    please help

    Thank you

    Reply
  16. we are using Centos-6 in Eculyptus Cloud-in-a-Box

    yum update error.

    “[root@ip-172-31-254-153 ec2-user]# yum update

    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=x86_64&repo=os error was
    14: PYCURL ERROR 7 – “Failed to connect to 2a02:2498:1:3d:5054:ff:fed3:e91a: Network is unreachable”
    Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: base. Please verify its path and try again”

    how to solve this error..
    please anyone can help us.

    Reply
    • The error indicates that you cannot connect to said repository for some reason. May be your system is behind a proxy, so specify the proxy in the yum configuration at /etc/yum.conf and add the following proxy line. Make sure you replace proxy.com with your proxy name.

      [main]
      proxy=http://proxy.com:8000
      

      Now clear metadata checksum errors and yum cache using following commands.

      $ yum clean metadata 
      $ yum clean all 
      

      Now finally run the yum update command. If you still get same error, reply me.

      Reply
  17. Hi Ravi,

    Thanks for the post, very informative.
    I need info about how to search packages which are recently updated.
    Like I have updated x packages. Then how do I search those recently updated packages. Please reply.

    Reply
  18. newbie here…

    I was trying to replace a package so I tried this:

    [root@ic ~]# yum list installed | grep “^libmysql”
    libmysqlclient15.i386 5.0.95-5.w5 installed
    libmysqlclient16.i386 5.1.69-1.w5 installed

    so I proceed with:

    [root@ic ~]# yum replace libmysqlclient15.i386 –replace-with libmysqlclient16.i386

    but I get this when running this last command:


    Replacing packages takes time, please be patient…
    Error: Package ‘libmysqlclient15.i386’ is not installed.

    any reason why?

    Reply
  19. Hello,

    How to list the dependencies of a package in centos using yum.

    And how to download a specific package after yum list ,using “yum”

    Reply
    • Sorry, yum doesn’t have such capability, but you can use the repoquery command to check dependencies of package.

      # repoquery --requires package-name
      

      To download and install specific package, use.

      # yum install package-name
      
      Reply
    • The yum list updates command will only show list of available updates and yum check-update will search for updates. indirectly both are same, they only show updates before installing them.

      Reply
  20. Hi, great post, really.
    I came over looking for info about that yum option ” –skip-broken”. Would you know to say something more than what is posted (very little, anyway) out there, the yum wiki included. Some times when installing a package yum warns to you some libraries or dependencies are not found. But it seems to recommend to use this option [probably this wouldn’t affect the package main performance and temporally could give us service]. I’ve tried it but with syntax mistakes I’ve been unable to sort my problem out. The yum wiki only says about activate this function in yum but by # yum update –skip-broken but that seems to enable it for the whole updating process entirely. What if you only wanted to enable this option specifically to a particular package.

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