Virtual Hosting allows Apache Weberver to serve different content based on IP Address, hostname or used port number. This guide will use a Debian like approach on enabling and managing Virtual Hosts on Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS 7.0 by creating two directories on /etc/httpd/ path, which will keep all enabled and disabled website file configurations – sites-available and sites-enabled, and two types of scripts to act as commands, one that enables and other that disables specified virtual hosts – a2ensite and a2dissite. This approach has some advantages because you done have to mess with httpd configuration file and every virtual host has its own configuration file that can be found on a single location – enabled hosts are just symlinks – which make the process of enabling, disabling, creating or deleting them very manageable.
Requirements
Create and Manage Apache Virtual Hosts in RHEL/CentOS 7
1. To begin, start by entering on /etc/httpd/ path, create sites-available and sites-enabled directories and edit Apache httpd.conf file to apply the new enabled websites location.
# cd /etc/httpd/ # mkdir sites-available sites-enabled # nano conf/httpd.conf
2. On httpd.conf file add the following directive line at the bottom of the file, which will make Apache read and parse all files located on /etc/httpd/sites-enabled/ ended in .conf extension.
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf
3. On next step create a new Virtual Host on sites-available location using a descriptive name – in this case I’ve used rheltest.lan.conf – and use the following file as a template.
# nano /etc/httpd/sites-available/rheltest.lan.conf
Use this configuration as a guide.
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName rheltest.lan
DocumentRoot "/var/www/rheltest.lan"
<Directory "/var/www/rheltest.lan">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
AllowOverride All
# Controls who can get stuff from this server file
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
<IfModule mpm_peruser_module>
ServerEnvironment apache apache
</IfModule>
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/rheltest.lan-error.log
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/rheltest.lan-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
4. If you changed DocumentRoot location on your virtual host from default /var/www/html to other path make sure you also create this path.
# mkdir -p /var/www/rheltest.lan
NOTE: Also assure that ServerName host is a valid DNS record or is added to your local machines hosts file, from where you are planning to visit the website.
5. Now it’s time to create a2ensite and a2dissite bash scripts on a executable system path – in this case is /usr/local/bin/ – but
you can use any executable path that $PATH system variable outputs.
Create a2ensite Script
Create a following file with your choice of editor.
# nano /usr/local/bin/a2ensite
Add the following script to it.
#!/bin/bash
if test -d /etc/httpd/sites-available && test -d /etc/httpd/sites-enabled ; then
echo "-----------------------------------------------"
else
mkdir /etc/httpd/sites-available
mkdir /etc/httpd/sites-enabled
fi
avail=/etc/httpd/sites-available/$1.conf
enabled=/etc/httpd/sites-enabled/
site=`ls /etc/httpd/sites-available/`
if [ "$#" != "1" ]; then
echo "Use script: a2ensite virtual_site"
echo -e "\nAvailable virtual hosts:\n$site"
exit 0
else
if test -e $avail; then
sudo ln -s $avail $enabled
else
echo -e "$avail virtual host does not exist! Please create one!\n$site"
exit 0
fi
if test -e $enabled/$1.conf; then
echo "Success!! Now restart Apache server: sudo systemctl restart httpd"
else
echo -e "Virtual host $avail does not exist!\nPlease see available virtual hosts:\n$site"
exit 0
fi
fi
Create a2dissite Script
Create a following file with your choice of editor.
# nano /usr/local/bin/a2dissite
Add the whole following script to the file.
#!/bin/bash
avail=/etc/httpd/sites-enabled/$1.conf
enabled=/etc/httpd/sites-enabled
site=`ls /etc/httpd/sites-enabled/`
if [ "$#" != "1" ]; then
echo "Use script: a2dissite virtual_site"
echo -e "\nAvailable virtual hosts: \n$site"
exit 0
else
if test -e $avail; then
sudo rm $avail
else
echo -e "$avail virtual host does not exist! Exiting!"
exit 0
fi
if test -e $enabled/$1.conf; then
echo "Error!! Could not remove $avail virtual host!"
else
echo -e "Success! $avail has been removed!\nPlease restart Apache: sudo systemctl restart httpd"
exit 0
fi
fi
6. After both script files had been created, make sure they are executable and start using them to enable or disable virtual hosts by appending vhost name as command parameter.
# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/a2* # a2ensite vhost_name # a2disite vhost_name
7. To test it, enable the virtual host created earlier, restart Apache service and direct browser to the new virtual host – in this case http://rheltest.lan.
# a2ensite rheltest.lan # systemctl restart httpd
That’s it! Now you can use a2eniste and a2dissite bash scripts as system commands to manage Apache Vhosts file on RHEL/CentOS 7.0.
