4 Ways to Send Email Attachment from Linux Command Line

Once you get familiar to using the Linux terminal, you wish to do everything on your system by simply typing commands including sending emails and one of the important aspects of sending emails is attachments.

Especially for Sysadmins, can attach a backup file, log file/system operation report or any related information, and send it to a remote machine or workmate.

In this post, we will learn ways of sending an email with attachment from the Linux terminal. Importantly, there are several command line email clients for Linux that you can use to process emails with simple features.

Requirement

To effectively and reliably use this tutorial, you must have a working mail system or setup one of the mail transfer agents (MTA’s) for Linux on your system.

A MTA is an application responsible for sending and receiving emails from one host to another.

Below are the various, well known methods of sending email with attachment from the terminal.

1. Using mail Command

mail is part of the mailutils (On Debian) and mailx (On RedHat) package and it is used to process messages on the command line.

$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
# yum install mailx

Now its time to send an email attachment using mail command a shown.

$ echo "Message Body Here" | mail -s "Subject Here" [email protected] -A backup.zip

In the above command, the flag:

  1. -s – specifies the message subject.
  2. -A – helps to attach a file.

You can as well send an existing message from a file as follows:

$ mail -s "Subject here" -t [email protected] -A backup.zip < message.txt

2. Using mutt Command

mutt is a popular, lightweight command line email client for Linux.

If you do not have it on your system, type the command below to install it:

$ sudo apt-get install mutt
# yum install mutt

You can send an email with attachment using the mutt command below.

$ echo "Message Body Here" | mutt -s "Subject Here" -a backup.zip [email protected]

where the option:

  1. -s – indicates the message subject.
  2. -a – identifies the attachment(s).

Read more about Mutt – A Command Line Email Client to Send Mails from Terminal

3. Using mailx Command

mailx works more like the mutt command and it it also a part of mailutils (On Debian) package.

$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
# yum install mailx

Now send the attachment mail from the command-line using mailx command.

$ echo "Message Body Here" | mailx -s "Subject Here" -a backup.zip [email protected]

4. Using mpack Command

mpack encodes the named file in one or more MIME messages and sends the message to one or more recipients, or writes it to a named file or set of files, or posts it to a set of newsgroups.

$ sudo apt-get install mpack
# yum install mpack

To send a message with attachment, run the command below.

$ mpack -s "Subject here" file [email protected]

That’s all! Do you have in mind any other methods of sending emails with attachment from the Linux terminal, that are not mentioned in the list above? Let us know in the comments.

Aaron Kili
Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.

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30 thoughts on “4 Ways to Send Email Attachment from Linux Command Line”

  1. From the mutt man page:

    When attaching single or multiple files, separating filenames and recipient addresses with "--" is mandatory, e.g:

    $ mutt -a image.jpg  --  addr1  or mutt -a img.jpg *.png -- addr1 addr2.
    

    The -a option must be placed at the end of command line options.

    So one has to place a double dash between attachment and recipient. Took me a bit to figure that out, maybe it helps someone else here

    Reply
  2. when I tried to install the commands which you shared on this link, It states error.

    Could you guide me on what really I need to do?

    following are the commands and error message:-

    ~$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
    sudo: error while loading shared libraries: libsudo_util.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    sudo: error while loading shared libraries: /usr/lib/sudo/libsudo_util.so.0: invalid ELF header

    Reply
  3. Hi Team, I’m trying to email the first x lines from a text file using mutt and head commands without much success, can someone please help me on the same.

    Reply
  4. My mail on Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.10 was a little different:

    I had to do the email address target(s) last (after attachments) and the attachment was -a not -A.

    If the address came first it tried to email to attachment filename, and -A was something else entirely (do not know or care).

    Reply
  5. Your mutt example doesn’t work with current mutt versions (on Debian), the list of files to attach (-a option) must be terminated by a double-dash (--), so your example tries to find the target address as an additional file to attach.

    From the mutt -h help options:
    -a […] — attach file(s) to the message
    the list of files must be terminated with the “–” sequence

    Reply
    • $ cat /etc/redhat-release
      CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)

      $ man mailx

      MAILX(1) User Commands MAILX(1)

      NAME
      mailx – send and receive Internet mail

      SYNOPSIS
      mailx [-BDdEFintv~] [-s subject] [-a attachment ] [-c cc-addr] [-b bcc-addr] [-r from-addr] [-h hops] [-A account] [-S variable[=value]] to-addr . . .
      mailx [-BDdeEHiInNRv~] [-T name] [-A account] [-S variable[=value]] -f [name]
      mailx [-BDdeEinNRv~] [-A account] [-S variable[=value]] [-u user]

      DESCRIPTION
      Mailx is an intelligent mail processing system, which has a command syntax reminiscent of ed(1) with lines replaced by messages…

      The following options are accepted:

      -A name
      Executes an account command (see below) for name after the startup files have been read.

      -a file
      Attach the given file to the message.

      Reply
      • on current release of Debian:

        MAIL(1) BSD General Commands Manual MAIL(1)

        NAME
        mail, mailx, Mail — send and receive mail

        SYNOPSIS
        mail [-dEIinv] [-a header] [-b bcc-addr] [-c cc-addr] [-r from-addr] [-s subject] [–] to-addr …
        mail [-dEIiNnv] -f [file]
        mail [-dEIiNnv] [-u user]

        DESCRIPTION
        mail is an intelligent mail processing system which has a command syntax reminiscent of ed(1) with
        lines replaced by messages.

        The options are as follows:

        -a Specify additional header fields on the command line such as “X-Loop: foo@bar” etc. It can
        be also used to override MIME headers mail adds by default to each outgoing mail, see
        Character sets and MIME below. You have to use quotes if the string contains spaces. This
        argument may be specified more than once, the headers will then be concatenated.

        Reply
    • @NotMe

      I seem not to get what you mean here, but there is nothing more than the commands we can offer you. Simply try them out and in case of any errors, let us know. If this has not answered your question yet, try to get back and explain it in simple terms.

      Reply
    • @sedlav

      That is correct, mail and mailx are more like the same commands. Thanks for mentioning SendMail command, we shall add it to the list above.

      Reply
  6. On my Linux Mint 17.3 I already had “mail” installed. Attempting to follow the instructions this error occurs:

    ——————————————————————————————————————
    $ Please install an MTA on this system if you want to use sendmail!
    ——————————————————————————————————————

    It would be nice to have been informed about how to install an MTA, etc.

    Reply

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